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Postcholecystectomy syndrome (PCS) describes the presence of abdominal symptoms after surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy). Symptoms of postcholecystectomy syndrome may include: * Upset stomach, nausea, and vomiting. * Gas, bloating, and diarrhea. * Persistent pain in the upper right abdomen. Symptoms occur in about 5 to 40 percent of patients who undergo cholecystectomy,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Postcholecystectomy syndrome )〕 and can be transient, persistent or lifelong. The pain associated with postcholecystectomy syndrome is usually ascribed to either sphincter of Oddi dysfunction or to post-surgical adhesions. A recent study shows that postcholecystectomy syndrome can be caused by biliary microlithiasis. Approximately 50% of cases are due to biliary causes such as remaining stone, biliary injury, dysmotility, and choledococyst. The remaining 50% are due to non-biliary causes. This is because upper abdominal pain and gallstones are both common but are not always related. Chronic diarrhea in postcholecystectomy syndrome is a type of bile acid diarrhea (type 3).〔 This can be treated with a bile acid sequestrant like cholestyramine〔 or colesevelam, which may be better tolerated. ==Diagnostics== * Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity. * General and biochemical blood. * Intravenous cholangiography. * Esophagogastroduodenoscopy for examination of the stomach, duodenum and the area major duodenal papilla. * Retrograde cholangiopancreatography. * Analysis of biliary sludge obtained through endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Postcholecystectomy syndrome」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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